In the Field · Part 4
Leak detection: slab leaks, acoustic and pressure methods, thermal imaging, and repipe vs. reroute
The leak call is the one where a plumber can destroy a house looking for a $200 repair, and the one where the method pays for itself fastest. This lesson is the sequence: the meter test that splits service line from house, the hot-side-versus-cold-side isolation that splits the house in two, the pressure test that finds the slow ones, the acoustic and thermal tools that put a mark on the slab, and the inspection hole that confirms before it destroys. It ends with the decision that follows a slab leak: repair the spot, reroute the line overhead, or repipe the house, each with its cost logic, its permit, and the honest statement of what the other two would have meant.
What the full lesson covers
- Meter test first: all fixtures off, indicator moving; house valve closed, indicator still moving means the service line, stopped means the house. Four minutes, no tools.
- Split the house: close the water heater's cold inlet; if the indicator stops, the leak is on the hot side. A warm spot on the floor, a water heater that runs, and a hot slab are the slab-leak signature.
- Pressure test each side with a gauge to find slow leaks, then listen (acoustic) and look (thermal) to locate; open the slab only where two methods agree.
- Repair the spot when the pipe is otherwise sound; reroute the line through the attic or walls when one line has failed in a house whose other lines are fine and the slab is expensive to open; repipe when the material or the pressure history says the next leak is coming.
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More lessons in The Field: Method, Code, and Cases
- 1The diagnostic method: verify, isolate, cheapest test first, cause not symptom, the options ladder, document
- 2Permits: when one is required, what is exempt, pulling it online, the inspection sequence, what inspectors look for, and handling corrections
- 3Daily-use code: drainage slope, venting, water sizing, cleanouts, trap arms, and fixture units, with the section for each
- 4Gas piping in practice: sizing, CSST bonding, the pressure test, appliance connectors and shutoffs, sediment traps, and seismic shutoff valves